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Bending and rotational behaviour of semi-continuous composite beams

WANG Jingfeng, LI Guoqiang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0015-9

摘要： Stresses and deflections were measured in various semi-continuous composite beams. The bending and rotational capacities of the composite connections were measured in terms of beam curvatures and deflections by using two full-scale semi-rigid composite frames with monotonic loadings. The effect of semi-rigid connections on the performance of composite beams with various loadings was compared with predictions and codes. The tests show that the semi-continuous composite beams are more economic and effective than the simple or continuous composite beams. The semi-rigid connections affect the bending capacities and beam deflections, so the connection behavior should be considered in the design of composite beams. Yielding analysis of the steel beam bottom flange has some influence on the deflection calculation of composite beams.

关键词： rotational     effective     deflection calculation     semi-continuous composite     full-scale semi-rigid    

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Modeling of semi-rigid beam-to-column steel joints under extreme loading

C FANG, B A IZZUDDIN, A Y ELGHAZOULI, D A NETHERCOT

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 245-263 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0215-9

摘要： Joints play an important role in providing ductility for steel-composite structures subject to extreme loading conditions, such as blast, fire and impact. Due to sound energy dissipation capability and fabrication efficiency, semi-rigid joints have increasingly received attention during the last decade. This paper presents a component approach for modeling semi-rigid beam-to-column joints based on Eurocode3, where the post-elastic response, including component strain hardening and ultimate rotational capacity, is also considered. Failure criteria are defined based on the ultimate deformation capacity of components and bolt-rows. The model enables a direct integration of joint response into global frame models with the consideration of axial deformability, such that the interaction between bending moment and axial force within the joints can be realistically captured. In addition, elevated temperature can be considered in the joint model via the degradation of the component response. Through comparisons with available test data, the joint model is shown to have good accuracy, and the failure criteria are found to be reliable yet conservative. The strain hardening response of components is shown to have significant influence on the ultimate bending capacity of the joints, while neglecting it usually leads to a conservative prediction.

关键词： semi-rigid joint     component method     ductility     elevated temperature    

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Performance study on T-stub connected semi-rigid joint between rectangular tubular columns and H-shaped

Guochang LI, Hongping YU, Chen FANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 296-303 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0217-7

摘要： This paper investigates the performance of T-stub connected semi-rigid joint of rectangular tubular columns and H-shaped steel beams. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is used to analyze the nonlinear performance of the joint under monotonic loading. Meanwhile, the dimensions of T-stub, column and beam are considered as analytic parameters to discuss the performance of the joint. The analysis shows that the thickness and the length of T-stub webs, the height of beam section, bolt diameter, shear connector and the preloaded force affect the performance of the joint largely, and the thickness of the steel tube, the thickness and length of T-stub flange, bolt spacing have relatively little influences on the performance of the joint. The research results indicate that this joint is semi-rigid joint.

关键词： rectangular tubular columns     T-stub     semi-rigid     nonlinear finite element analysis     moment-rotation curves    

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Novel sensing techniques for full-scale testing of civil structures

Kaoshan DAI, Zhenhua HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 240-256 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0172-8

摘要： Performing full-scale structural testing is an important methodology for researchers and engineers in the civil engineering industry. Full scale testing helps the researchers understand civil infrastructures’ loading scenarios, behaviors, and health conditions. It helps the engineers verify, polish, and simplify the structural design and analysis theories. To conduct a full-scale structural testing, sensors are used for data acquisitions. To help structural researchers and engineers get familiar with sensing technologies and select the most effective sensors, this study reviewed and categorized new sensing techniques for full-scale structural testing applications. The researchers of this study categorized sensors used for civil-infrastructure testing into traditional contact sensors and remote sensors based upon their application methodologies, and into cabled sensors and wireless sensors based upon their data communication strategies. The detailed descriptions of wireless sensors and remote sensing techniques and their on-site full-scale applications are presented.

关键词： sensing technique     full-scale testing     wireless sensor     remote sensing     LiDAR     laser vibrometer    

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Optimizing the configuration of a clearwell by integrating pilot and full-scale tracer testing

LIU Wenjun, DU Zhipeng, JIN Junwei

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 270-275 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0045-x

摘要： In this paper, the main factors impacting the plug flow pattern of a clearwell were investigated by integrating pilot-scale, full-scale clearwell tracer testing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It was found that pilot tracer testing, full-scale tracer testing and CFD simulation all demonstrated that the correlation between the ratio of / and can be approximately expressed by: / = 0.189 4ln()-0.049 4. This study confirmed that the installation of baffles within clearwells is an efficient way to optimize their configuration. In addition, the inlet velocity has a minimal contribution to the ratio of /. However, the ratio of turning channel width to channel width () significantly contributes to the ratio of/. The optimal ratio of is 0.8–1.2 for maintaining better plug flow pattern. The number of turning channels is one of the main factors that impact the ratio of /. When increasing the number of turning channels, a lower ratio of / is obtained.
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Bending failure performance of a shield tunnel segment based on full-scale test and numerical analysis

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1033-1046 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0973-y

摘要： This study focuses on the bending failure performance of a shield tunnel segment. A full-scale test was conducted to investigate deformation and failure characteristics. During the loading, the bending failure process can be divided into four stages: the elastic stage, working stage with cracks, failure stage, and ultimate stage. The characteristic loads between contiguous stages are the cracking, failure, and ultimate loads. A numerical model corresponding to the test was established using the elastoplastic damage constitutive model of concrete. After a comparative analysis of the simulation and test results, parametric studies were performed to discuss the influence of the reinforcement ratio and proportion of tensile longitudinal reinforcement on the bearing capacity. The results indicated that the change in the reinforcement ratio and the proportion of tensile longitudinal reinforcement had little effect on the cracking load but significantly influenced the failure and ultimate loads of the segment. It is suggested that in the reinforcement design of the subway segment, the reinforcement ratio and the proportion of tensile longitudinal reinforcement can be chosen in the range of 0.7%–1.2% and 49%–55%, respectively, allowing the segment to effectively use the reinforcement and exert the design strength, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the segment.

关键词： shield tunnel     bearing capacity     failure mechanism     segment reinforcement    

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Tank-dependence of the functionality and network differentiation of activated sludge community in a full-scale

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1636-x

摘要：

● Environmental parameters affected functional bacteria and network associations.

关键词： Activated sludge     Bacterial community     Tank-dependence     Network association     Functional bacteria    

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Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia generation in full-scale swine wastewater purification facilities

Takashi Osada, Makoto Shiraishi, Teruaki Hasegawa, Hirofumi Kawahara

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0933-7

摘要： The activated sludge process to remove nitrogen and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is reportedly cost-effective for swine wastewater treatment, and it use has thus increased in pig farming. Nitrous oxide (N O) is generated on farms as an intermediate product in nitrification and denitrification, and methane (CH ) is also generated from organic degradation under anaerobic conditions by microorganisms in manure or wastewater. This study was carried out at five activated sludge treatment facilities across Japan between August 2014 and January 2015. Measurements were conducted over several weeks at wastewater purification facilities for swine farms: two in Chiba prefecture (East Japan), two in Okayama prefecture (West Japan), and one in Saga (Southern Japan). Taking several environmental fluctuations into account, we collected measurement data continuously day and night, during both high-temperature and low-temperature periods. The results indicated that CH and N O emission factors were 0.91% (kgCH · kg volatile solids ) and 2.87% (g N O-N· kg total N ), respectively. Ammonia emissions were negligible in all of the measurements from the wastewater facilities. The N O emission factor calculated under this experiment was low compared to our previous finding (5.0%; g N O-N· kg N ) in a laboratory experiment. In contrast, the CH emission factor calculated herein was rather high compared to the laboratory measurements. There was great variation in daily GHG emission factors measured in the actual wastewater treatment facilities. In particular, the N O emission rate was affected by several environmental conditions at each facility location, as well as by the management of the wastewater treatment.

关键词： Manure     Greenhouse gas     Denitrification     BOD/N     Nitrous oxide     Methane    

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Genome-resolved metagenomic analysis reveals different functional potentials of multiple Brocadia species in a full-scale

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1602-7

摘要：

● Four Ca. Brocadia species were observed during the spontaneously enrichment.

关键词： Anammox     Candidatus Brocadia     Functional potential     Cooccurring mechanisms     Swine wastewater treatment facilities    

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A full-scale integrated-bioreactor with two zones treating odours from sludge thickening tank and dewatering

Jianwei Liu, Kaixiong Yang, Lin Li, Jingying Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0932-8

摘要： A full-scale integrated-bioreactor consisting of a suspended zone and an immobilized zone was employed to treat the ordours emitted from a wastewater treatment plant. The inlet concentrations of H S and NH were 1.6–38.6 mg·m and 0.1–6.7 mg·m , respectively, while the steady-state outlet concentrations were reduced to 0–2.8 mg·m for H S and 0–0.5 mg·m for NH . Both H S and NH were eliminated effectively by the integrated bioreactor. The removal efficiencies of H S and NH differed between the two zones. Four species of microorganisms related to the degradation of H S and NH were isolated. The characteristics and distributions of the microbes in the bioreactor depended on the inlet concentration of substrates and the micro-environmental conditions in the individual zones. Product analysis indicated that most of the H S was oxidized into sulfate in the immobilized zone but was dissolved into the liquid phase in the suspended zone. A large amount of NH was converted into nitrate and nitrite by nitration in the suspended zone, whereas only a small amount of NH was transferred to the aqueous phase mainly by absorption or chemical neutralization in the immobilized zone. Different microbial populations dominated the individual zones, and the major biodegradation products varied accordingly.

关键词： Biological deodorization     Microbial characteristics     Ammonia     Hydrogen sulfide     Wastewater treatment plant    

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Online control of biofilm and reducing carbon dosage in denitrifying biofilter: pilot and full-scale

Xiuhong Liu, Hongchen Wang, Qing Yang, Jianmin Li, Yuankai Zhang, Yongzhen Peng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0895-9

摘要： Online control of DNBF was studied in the pilot-scale and full-scale experiments. DNBF was controlled by the online monitored effluent nitrate and turbidity. The effluent nitrate lower than 3 mg·L and saving 18% of carbon were both achieved. Denitrifying biofilter (DNBF) is widely used for advanced nitrogen removal in the reclaimed wastewater treatment plants (RWWTPs). Manual control of DNBF easily led to unstable process performance and high cost. Consequently, there is a need to automatic control of two decisive operational processes, carbon dosage and backwash, in DNBF. In this study, online control of DNBF was investigated in the pilot-scale DNBF (600 m ·d ), and then applied in the full-scale DNBF (10 × 104 m3·d ). A novel simple online control strategy for carbon dosage with the effluent nitrate as the sole control parameter was designed and tested in the pilot-scale DNBF. Backwash operation was optimized based on the backwash control strategy using turbidity as control parameter. Using the integrated control strategy, in the pilot-scale DNBF, highly efficient nitrate removal with effluent TN level lower than 3 mg·L was achieved and DNBF was not clogged any more. The online control strategy for carbon dosage was successfully applied in a RWWTP. Using the online control strategy, the effluent nitrate concentration was controlled relatively stable and carbon dosage was saved for 18%.

关键词： Reclaimed water treatment     Denitrifying biofilter     Carbon dosage     Backwash control    

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Influence of different oil feed rate on bituminous coal ignition in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner

Chunlong LIU, Qunyi ZHU, Zhengqi LI, Qiudong ZONG, Xiang ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 406-412 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0266-6

摘要： To reduce oil consumption during firing-up and partial-load operation, a tiny-oil ignition burner has been recommended. Through reacting-flow experiments performed on a full-scale experimental setup, the influence of different oil flow rates on bituminous coal combustion as well as flow rates without coal feed was analyzed. The ignition burner is identical to that normally used in an 800 MWe utility boiler. Under operating conditions with flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, gas temperature distributions were measured in the burner. At the equivalent measuring points at the exits of the first and second combustion chambers, these distributions remained almost unchanged under a constant coal feed rate of 4 t/h. However on the burner centerline, distributions increased slightly with increasing flow rate. Different gas concentrations were measured at the center of the burner exit. For instance, the O concentration at the burner exit varied from 0.01% to 0.31% whereas CO concentrations were more than 10000 ppm. At the same coal feed rate of 4 t/h, burner resistances are 480, 600, and 740 Pa for oil flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, respectively.

关键词： ignition     coal     burner     boiler     oil flow rate    

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Community dynamics of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment system with nitrification

Xiaohui WANG, Xianghua WEN, Hengjing YAN, Kun DING, Man HU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 92-98 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0254-6

摘要： To determine whether the functional stability of nitrification was correlated to a stable community structure of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant, the AOB community dynamics in a wastewater treatment system was monitored over one year. The community dynamics were investigated using specific PCR followed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of the gene. The T-RFLP results indicated that during the period of nitrification stability, the AOB community structure in the full-scale wastewater treatment system was relatively stable, and the average change rate every 15 d of the system was 6.6%±5.8%. The phylogenetic analysis of the cloned gene showed clearly that the dominant AOB in the system was spp. The results of this study indicated that throughout the study period, the AOB community structure was relatively stable in the full-scale wastewater treatment system with functional stability of nitrification.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)     community dynamics     terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)     nitrification performance    

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A chemometric analysis on the fluorescent dissolved organic matter in a full-scale sequencing batch reactor

Chen Qian, Wei Chen, Wei-Hua Li, Han-Qing Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0962-2

摘要： Rapid monitoring of water quality is crucial to the operation of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) in combination with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) has been used as a powerful tool for the characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in WWTPs. However, a recent work has revealed the drawback of PARAFAC analysis, i.e., overestimating the component number. A novel method, parallel factor framework-clustering analysis (PFFCA), has been developed in our earlier work to resolve this drawback of PARAFAC. In the present work, both PARAFAC and PFFCA were used to analyze the EEMs of water samples from a full-scale WWTP from a practical application point of view. The component number and goodness-of-fit from these two methods were compared and the relationship between the relative score change of component and the actual concentration was investigated to evaluate the estimation error introduced by both methods. PFFCA score and actual concentration exhibited a higher correlation coefficient ( = 0.870) compared with PARAFAC ( <0.771), indicating that PFFCA provided a more accurate relative change estimation than PARAFAC. The results suggest that use of PARAFAC may cause confusion in selecting the component number, while EEM-PFFCA is a more reliable alternative approach for monitoring water quality in WWTPs.

关键词： Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)     Excitation-emission matrix (EEM)     Parallel factor (PARAFAC)     Parallel factor framework-clustering analysis (PFFCA)    

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Full-scale site evaluation of ventilation expressway embankments underlain by warm permafrost along the

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1047-1059 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0034-6

摘要： Ventilation embankments, including those with forced ventilation, natural ventilation, and combination of these, were adopted for the construction of the Gonghe−Yushu Expressway in warm permafrost areas. To evaluate the actual thermal performance of ventilation embankment in the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau, four types of ventilation embankments were selected as objects, and their long-term thermal characteristics were analyzed based on monitoring data. It was found that: 1) under the strong scale effect of a wide embankment, the crushed-rock embankment (CRE) was warming up and the permafrost table was declining year by year. Meanwhile, the combined ventilated slab and CRE and ventilated ducts embankment can effectively decrease the ground temperature and raise permafrost table in the year with a colder winter; 2) transverse temperature difference caused by the shady–sunny slope effect existed in all the four embankments. However, it was weakened by the combined ventilated slab and CRE and the ventilated ducts embankment due to their stronger cooling effect; and 3) the pre-existing embankment had a remarkable thermal disturbance to the adjacent newly-built embankment, so a reasonable embankment spacing should be considered in practical engineering. These findings would provide a reference for construction of expressway embankments in permafrost regions.

关键词： warm permafrost     expressway     ventilation embankments     temperature field    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Bending and rotational behaviour of semi-continuous composite beams

WANG Jingfeng, LI Guoqiang

期刊论文

Modeling of semi-rigid beam-to-column steel joints under extreme loading

C FANG, B A IZZUDDIN, A Y ELGHAZOULI, D A NETHERCOT

期刊论文

Performance study on T-stub connected semi-rigid joint between rectangular tubular columns and H-shaped

Guochang LI, Hongping YU, Chen FANG

期刊论文

Novel sensing techniques for full-scale testing of civil structures

Kaoshan DAI, Zhenhua HUANG

期刊论文

Optimizing the configuration of a clearwell by integrating pilot and full-scale tracer testing

LIU Wenjun, DU Zhipeng, JIN Junwei

期刊论文

Bending failure performance of a shield tunnel segment based on full-scale test and numerical analysis

期刊论文

Tank-dependence of the functionality and network differentiation of activated sludge community in a full-scale

期刊论文

Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia generation in full-scale swine wastewater purification facilities

Takashi Osada, Makoto Shiraishi, Teruaki Hasegawa, Hirofumi Kawahara

期刊论文

Genome-resolved metagenomic analysis reveals different functional potentials of multiple Brocadia species in a full-scale

期刊论文

A full-scale integrated-bioreactor with two zones treating odours from sludge thickening tank and dewatering

Jianwei Liu, Kaixiong Yang, Lin Li, Jingying Zhang

期刊论文

Online control of biofilm and reducing carbon dosage in denitrifying biofilter: pilot and full-scale

Xiuhong Liu, Hongchen Wang, Qing Yang, Jianmin Li, Yuankai Zhang, Yongzhen Peng

期刊论文

Influence of different oil feed rate on bituminous coal ignition in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner

Chunlong LIU, Qunyi ZHU, Zhengqi LI, Qiudong ZONG, Xiang ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN

期刊论文

Community dynamics of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment system with nitrification

Xiaohui WANG, Xianghua WEN, Hengjing YAN, Kun DING, Man HU

期刊论文

A chemometric analysis on the fluorescent dissolved organic matter in a full-scale sequencing batch reactor

Chen Qian, Wei Chen, Wei-Hua Li, Han-Qing Yu

期刊论文

Full-scale site evaluation of ventilation expressway embankments underlain by warm permafrost along the

期刊论文